TAPA –
British infantry from the 2nd Battalion, The Royal Anglian Regiment are pushing through waist‑deep snow and minus‑30C nights in Estonia’s boreal forests, stress‑testing people and kit on Exercise Winter Camp. The deployment forms part of Operation Cabrit, the UK’s long‑running contribution to NATO’s forward land forces along the Alliance’s eastern flank, and is staged from Tapa Garrison, home of Estonia’s 1st Infantry Brigade. (lc.nato.int)
The battalion-known as “The Poachers”-is training with Estonian, French and U.S. troops a short drive from the Russian border, honing combined‑arms drills, Arctic fieldcraft and the unglamorous routines that keep sensors, radios and weapons alive in sub‑zero conditions. With the war in Ukraine passing its fourth anniversary on February 24, the training is intended to keep NATO’s frontline units sharp while signaling allied resolve. (lc.nato.int)
Cold-hard readiness on NATO’s frontier
Gunner Jack Hassall, 20, from Swanton Morley, operates the TAIPAN radar system used to pinpoint enemy artillery. He said: “We can then pass this information on to the next rotation [of soldiers on exercise],” describing a chain of incremental improvements as new units cycle through Winter Camp.
Former Norwich car mechanic Sergeant Rob Barnes, 32, called the cold the harshest of his decade in uniform, but said adaptation and integration were part of the job. “It’s enjoyable because you get to see a different perspective. Everyone has their own specialisms so it’s good to learn off other nations.”
The small comforts matter. Lance Corporal Oliver Warton, 21, from Bury St Edmunds, described freeze‑dried rations-reanimated with boiling water to stop them turning to brick-as “bangin’.” Private Joe Franklin, 27, from Wymondham, put morale at “10 out of 10”: “It’s really good to be part of our platoon, there’s never a drop in morale. We have strong war-fighting capabilities and everyone’s having a good time.”
Away from patrol bases and fire missions, there are NAAFI brews, fierce pool tournaments back at Tapa and the occasional snowball fight. U.S. Army armor officer Lieutenant Everton Checketts, 26, from Idaho, joked about best‑of‑three snow skirmishes between Brits, Americans and French-an interlude in a program designed to rehearse real combat tasks in real winter and prove that equipment, command systems and logistics work under sustained stress.
Deterrence by presence, updated for an era of risk
Operation Cabrit underpins the British‑led NATO battlegroup in Estonia, a continuous deployment that typically places roughly 800-900 U.K. soldiers in country alongside rotating French and other allied elements. The presence, launched after NATO’s 2016 Warsaw decisions, has since been folded into NATO’s Forward Land Forces-eight multinational battlegroups stretching from the Baltics to the Black Sea, designed to deter by denial and integrate swiftly into higher‑end formations if required. ([forcesnews.com](https://www.forcesnews.com/services/army/soldiers-1-mercian-honoured-their-efforts-op-cabrit?utm_source=openai))
Tapa is the nerve center of Estonia’s 1st Infantry Brigade and a hub for allied training in Estonia’s northeast. The base’s proximity to key transport axes and ranges has made it the focal point for UK‑Estonian integration since 2017, when British armor first arrived as part of NATO’s enhanced forward presence. (mil.ee) From here, British commanders plug directly into Estonian and NATO chains of command that would govern any crisis response on the Alliance’s northeastern flank.
Probes and incidents that frame the training
While soldiers on exercise are tight‑lipped about Russia, the backdrop is unambiguous. On September 19, 2025, three Russian MiG‑31s violated Estonian airspace near Vaindloo Island for roughly 12 minutes, prompting Tallinn to request NATO consultations under Article 4 of the North Atlantic Treaty; Italian F‑35s deployed to the Baltic Air Policing mission responded. The North Atlantic Council convened four days later and condemned the breach as part of a wider pattern of irresponsible Russian behavior. ([apnews.com](https://apnews.com/article/443df0c37ff2254fcc33d5425e3beaa6?utm_source=openai))
In a separate incident on December 17, 2025, Estonia said three Russian border guards arrived by hovercraft and briefly crossed onto Estonian‑controlled territory on the Narva River near Vasknarva, before returning to the Russian side. The Estonian foreign ministry summoned Russia’s chargé d’affaires and made the protest public. Moscow has denied wrongdoing. (vm.ee)
Lieutenant Colonel Mark Luson, commanding the Royal Tank Regiment and co‑deployed with the Royal Anglians, said such provocations were “a huge motivation for the troops [and] keeps us on alert”.
“It’s for the politicians to maintain the peace in the short-term.
“It’s our job to maintain readiness whether [the threat] is in one year, two years or five years,” he said.
Estonia’s model: a reserve army with teeth
Estonia fields a reserve‑based defense built around rapid‑response units and a large mobilization register. More than 4,000 personnel are kept in permanent readiness; they feed into approximately 29,000 rapid‑response troops. In total, about 230,000 people sit on the mobilization register-a substantial pool for a nation of 1.3 million. Conscription currently lasts eight or eleven months depending on role, with the government set to standardize service to 12 months beginning in 2027. ([csbaonline.org](https://csbaonline.org/uploads/documents/CSBA8312_%28Deterrence_Defense_Baltic%29_web.pdf?utm_source=openai)) That structure allows Tallinn to move from peacetime to full territorial defense on legally defined timelines, relying on trained reservists rather than a large standing army.
The Estonian Foreign Intelligence Service’s latest annual report, published on February 10, 2026, judged that Russia has no intention of militarily attacking Estonia or any NATO state this year-an assessment officials warned should spur, not slacken, allied investment and readiness. (apnews.com) For British officers at Tapa, that combination of sober threat assessment and high national preparedness helps define the political context in which they train.
What British troops are doing here, and why it resonates beyond Tapa
For many of the Poachers-some still in school when Russia invaded in February 2022-the routines of winter soldiering are a gateway to allied interoperability: artillery‑radar cueing, call‑for‑fire procedures in snowbound forests, field repairs at -30C, and rehearsals with Estonian and French units whose home terrain and doctrine differ from the British template. The aim, senior officers say, is not only to survive the cold but to fight through it, under the same command arrangements and rules of engagement that would apply in a real contingency.
NATO’s post‑2022 posture adds urgency. Allies have retooled forward units to be “brigade‑capable,” able to scale rapidly in crisis-shifting the concept from a political “tripwire” to a force designed to block aggression from the first hour. The British Army’s Op Cabrit rotations, nested in NATO’s Forward Land Forces, are central to that shift on the Baltic littoral. (lc.nato.int)
As of March 5, 2026, the British‑led NATO battlegroup in Estonia remains on continuous rotation under Operation Cabrit, and NATO’s consultations framework following Estonia’s September 2025 Article 4 request remains in place. (forcesnews.com) For policymakers in London, Tallinn and other allied capitals, the frozen training grounds around Tapa are therefore more than a proving range: they are a visible test of whether NATO’s promises on paper can be turned into credible combat power on the ground.